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数控车床翻译

车床翻译,机床翻译,数控机床翻译,机床安装调试手册翻译
车床(机床)作为机械行业的重要组成部分，在翻译的过程中，我司涉及车床翻译/机床翻译的范围包括数控机械、机电、切割设备、机床工具等产品的生产和加工资料说明翻译，手册，安装调试说明翻译，等。随着我国经济的迅速发展，加上车床在整个国民经济中占有重要的地位。国内公司和企业在世界范围内的贸易往来越来越频繁，如国外机床设备的购进，国内设备的出口等，在这些国际贸易往来中，翻译承担着沟通的桥梁，由此对车床(机床)翻译的需求也就日益增多起来。
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数控机床翻译

1 引言
1 Foreword
机床的床身是整个机床的支承件，一般用来放置导轨、主轴箱等重要部件[1]。为了满足数控机床高速度、高精度、高生产率、高可靠性和高自动化程度的要求，与普通机床相比，数控机床应有更高的静、动刚度，更好的抗振性[2]。由于床身结构形状较复杂,采用一般方法对其进行静、动态特性计算比较困难[3]。随着有限元理论的成熟和计算机技术的发展，目前通常利用三维软件建模再导入有限元软件ANSYS中进行静动态特性分析[4]，但是这样容易造成数据的丢失，需要耗费大量时间进行模型的修复。而利用PTC公司的Pro/MECHANICA模块可以直接对Pro/ENGINEER模型进行结构分析的事实却鲜为人知。本文首先对某数控机床的床身进行设计并利用Pro/ENGINEER建模，然后运用Pro/MECHANICA对其进行有限元分析，结果表明：有限元分析等手段可以进行最优化的设计，避免结构存在先天上的缺陷和不足。
As a supporting member for the entire lathe, a lathe-bed is generally used for placing such important components as lead rail and headstock [1]. In order to meet the high requirements of computer numerical control (CNC) for speed, accuracy, productivity, reliability and automation degree. Compared with the ordinary lathes, CNC lathes are superior in static and dynamic stiffness and vibration resistance [2]. Due to the bed’s great complexity with regard to structural shape, it will be very difficult to carry out calculations for its static/dynamic characteristics by means of common methods [3]. With the gradual maturity of theory of finite element and the development of computer techniques, the currently universally employed method is to perform a static/dynamic characteristic analysis by making three dimensional software for modeling and introducing finite element software ANSYS [4]. But this method is easy to lead in data loss and therefore needs plenty of time for model repairing. It is rarely known by people that the Pro/MECHANICA module of company PTC can realize the said structural analysis for Pro/ENGINEE model. In this paper, design is first conducted for the bed of a CNC lathe and Pro/ENGINEER is employed for modeling, then Pro/MECHANICA is used for finite element analysis. It is shown by the result that measures like finite element analysis can be employed for optimization design, thereby avoiding the inherent structural defects and disadvantages.
2床身的部分结构及其尺寸的确定
2 Confirmation of partial structure and dimensions of lathe-bed
2.1 床身的形体结构及尺寸
2.1 Structure and dimensions of lathe-bed
床身按布局方式的不同分有正置床身、斜置床身、正置床身斜滑板和立式床身，选择正置床身有工艺性好、加工方便、易于保证刀具运动精度和承受工件重力条件良好等的优点。本设计选用正置床身。
In accordance with layout manner, lathe-beds may be classified to be upright lathe-beds, inclined lathe-beds, taper slide based upright lathe-beds and vertical lathe-beds. Among these types, the upright lathe-beds have the advantages of good manufacturability, easy processing, great assurance for the kinematic accuracy of cutting tools and great ability in bearing the gravity of workpieces, etc. For that reason, upright lathe-bed is adopted in this paper for study.
2.2 床身加强肋的设计
2.2 Design of strengthening ribs of lathe-bed
床身加强肋是由3种基本类型组合而成，不同类型肋的组合就可以得到不同的力学性能，而且在不同的机床部件里就有不同的肋结构[5]。各种加强肋对于柔度、结构材料和焊缝长度等都有不同程度的影响。The strengthening ribs of a lathe-bed pertain to three basic types. The combination of strengthening ribs of different types will lead to different mechanical properties and different rib structures in different lathe parts [5]. Different types of strengthening ribs will affect the flexibility, structural material, length of weld and other aspects to different extents.
对于普通数控车床的床身而言，因为其载荷不是十分的大，所以对抗弯和抗扭刚度没有太多的要求，如果采用箱体结构，床身的结构就会变得复杂化，增加制造的成本，而采用垂直隔板型，不但排屑不方便，刚度的性能也不及其它类型的布局。所以本机床床身采用人字肋，肋的厚度设定为12mm。Due to its load which is not so great, the lathe-bed of a common CNC lathe doesn’t require too much for bending resisting stiffness and torsional stiffness. Given a box structure is adopted, the lathe-bed’s structure will become complicated, thus making escape of chips difficult and the stiffness performance inferior to that of other kinds of layouts. Therefore, the lathe-bed of the lathe involved in this paper employs a herringbone rib with a thickness of 12mm.
2.3 板壁孔设计
2.3 Design of batten wall pore
为了减轻床身的重量和保证床身的刚度要求，设计了板壁孔结构。为了保证有足够的刚度，机床对板壁孔的形状、位置和大小都提出了相应的要求。
从床身的受力角度看来，床身主要受到垂直方向上的力，而且床身不是细长的结构，切应力的方向不能忽略。试验表明，当板壁孔开在与弯曲平面垂直的方向上时比开在与弯曲平面平行的方向上时的结构对刚度的影响大，也就是说板壁孔与弯曲平面平行的方向上时对刚度影响最小，而对于本床身受到垂直方向上的力作用，弯曲平面为上腹板，所以板壁孔应该设计在上腹板里。而当孔的位置是位于弯曲中性轴附近的时候，其对弯曲刚度的影响比较小，而当其远离中性轴即靠近边缘的时候，对弯曲刚度的影响就越大，所以应该将板壁孔布置在弯曲中性轴附近，这样可以减少孔对床身刚度的影响。
To reduce the lathe-bed and assure its stiffness requirement, a batten wall pore structure is designed. In order to assure adequate stiffness, the lathe has relevant requirements for the shape, location and size of the batten wall pore.
Analyzed from the stress angle, the lathe-bed is mainly imposed by a vertically upward force, moreover, the lathe-bed is not slender, so the direction of tangential stress should not be ignored. It is proved in the test that the influence of a structure for the stiffness will be greater when the batten wall pore is made in the direction vertical to the bending plane rather than in the direction parallel to, that is to say, the influence of structure for the stiffness will be the minimum when the batten wall pore is made in the direction parallel to the bending plane. And for the stress in the directional direction, which is imposed on the lathe-bed, the bending plane is an epiplastron, therefore, the batten wall pore should be designed in the epiplastron. When the batten wall pore is arranged at a place near the axis of center of bending, its impact on the bending resisting stiffness will be very little; and when it is arranged far away from the axis of center of bending and near the edge, the impact will be greater. For that reason, the batten wall pore should be arranged near the axis of center of bending, thereby weakening its impact on the lathe-bed’s stiffness.